The Queen’s Gambit Declined (or QGD) is a chess opening in which Black declines a pawn offered by White in the Queen’s Gambit:
1. d4 d5
2. c4 e6
This is known as the Orthodox Line of the Queen’s Gambit Declined. When the “Queen’s Gambit Declined” is mentioned, it is usually assumed to be referring to the Orthodox Line; see “Other lines” below.
Exchange Variation: 4.cxd5 exd5
(1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6) 4. cxd5 exd5 5. Bg5 c6 6. Qc2 and White has a pawn majority in the centre, Black has a pawn majority on the queenside. This pawn structure gives White the opportunity to either advance his pawns in the centre by means of Nge2, f2–f3, followed by e2–e4, or play for a minority attack by means of the plan Rb1, followed by b2–b4–b5, then bxc6 in order to create a weak pawn at c6. While Black can play …cxb5, or recapture on c6 with a piece, each of these possibilities is even less desirable than the backward pawn in the open file. For Black, exchanging at d5 has released his light-squared bishop and opened the e-file, giving him the use of e4 as a springboard for central and kingside play. While chances are balanced, Black is usually more or less forced to use his superior activity to launch a piece attack on White’s king, as the long-term chances in the QGD Exchange structure favour White.
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PGN FILES OF THE GAMES IN THE VIDEO:
1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. cxd5 exd5 5. Bg5 { D35 Queen’s Gambit Declined: Exchange Variation, Positional Variation } Be7 6. e3 c6 7. Qc2 Nbd7 8. Bd3 O-O 9. Nge2 Re8 10. O-O Nf8 11. f3 Qc7 12. Bxf6 Bxf6 13. Nxd5 Qd6 14. Nxf6+ Qxf6 15. e4 Qg5 16. f4 Qh5 17. f5 g5 18. e5 g4 19. Ng3 Qg5 20. Rae1 Qd8 21. Rf4 { White wins. } 1-0
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 exd5 5. Bg5 { D35 Queen’s Gambit Declined: Exchange Variation, Positional Variation } Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 Re8 8. Qc2 Nbd7 9. Nge2 c6 10. f3 h6 11. Bh4 Nf8 12. O-O Nh5 13. Bxe7 Qxe7 14. e4 dxe4 15. fxe4 Qg5 16. e5 Bh3? { (1.77 → 3.36) Mistake. Bg4 was best. } (16… Bg4) 17. Rf2 Bg4 18. Ne4 Qe3 19. h3?! { (3.35 → 2.34) Inaccuracy. Nd6 was best. } (19. Nd6) 19… Bxe2?! { (2.34 → 3.57) Inaccuracy. Bf5 was best. } (19… Bf5 20. Rd1 Bxe4 21. Bxe4 Ng3 22. Nxg3 Qxg3 23. Rf3 Qh4 24. Rdf1 Re7 25. Rf4 Qg3 26. Qc1) 20. Qxe2 Qxd4 21. Qxh5 Qxd3 22. Qxf7+ Kh8 23. Nd6 Rxe5? { (3.87 → 7.41) Mistake. Red8 was best. } (23… Red8 24. Qxb7 Kh7 25. Re1 Qd5 26. Re3 Rdb8 27. Qf7 Ng6 28. Rg3 Qxf7 29. Rxf7 Rxb2 30. e6) 24. Qxb7 { Black resigns. } 1-0
1. d4 e6 2. c4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. cxd5 exd5 5. Bg5 { D35 Queen’s Gambit Declined: Exchange Variation, Positional Variation } Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Bd3 c6 8. Qc2 Nbd7 9. Nge2 Re8 10. O-O Nf8 11. f3 h6 12. Bh4 Nh5 13. Bxe7 Qxe7 14. e4 dxe4 15. fxe4 Qg5 16. Kh1?! { (2.20 → 1.35) Inaccuracy. e5 was best. } (16. e5) 16… Nf6 17. h3 Ng6? { (1.70 → 3.14) Mistake. Be6 was best. } (17… Be6 18. Rf3) 18. e5 Nd5?! { (2.96 → 4.45) Inaccuracy. Nh5 was best. } (18… Nh5 19. Rxf7 Kxf7 20. Ne4 Qh4 21. Nd6+ Kg8 22. Bxg6 Rf8 23. Qc4+ Kh8 24. Nf7+ Rxf7 25. Qxf7) 19. Nxd5 cxd5 20. Rf3 Ne7 21. Raf1 Be6 22. Nf4 Bf5 23. Qf2 Be4 24. Rg3 Qf5 25. Bxe4 dxe4 26. Qe2 Qh7 27. Nh5 Nf5 28. Rxf5 Qxf5 29. Nxg7 { Black resigns. } 1-0
1. c4 e6 2. Nc3 d5 3. d4 Nf6 4. cxd5 exd5 5. Bg5 c6 { D35 Queen’s Gambit Declined: Exchange Variation, Positional Variation } 6. e3 Be7 7. Bd3 Nbd7 8. Qc2 O-O 9. Nge2 Re8 10. O-O Nf8 11. f3 Be6 12. Rad1 Qd7 13. Nf4?! { (0.72 → 0.00) Inaccuracy. h3 was best. } (13. h3 Ne4) 13… Ng6?? { (0.00 → 2.29) Blunder. h6 was best. } (13… h6 14. Bh4 Ng4 15. Bxe7 Nxe3 16. Qc1 Nxd1 17. Bxf8 Nxc3 18. Bxg7 Nxa2 19. Qe3 Kxg7 20. Nh5+) 14. Nxe6 Qxe6 15. Bf5 Qd6 16. e4 Qd8?! { (2.50 → 3.36) Inaccuracy. dxe4 was best. } (16… dxe4 17. fxe4 Qb4 18. Kh1 Rad8 19. e5 Nd5 20. Nxd5 cxd5 21. Be3 Qb6 22. Rf3 Qc6 23. Qb1) 17. Bxf6? { (3.36 → 1.86) Mistake. e5 was best. } (17. e5 Nd7 18. Bc1 a5 19. f4 Ngf8 20. Bg4 Ne6 21. Kh1 Bf8 22. Be3 a4 23. Nxa4 b5) 17… Bxf6 18. e5 Be7 19. e6?? { (2.09 → 0.00) Blunder. Kh1 was best. } (19. Kh1 Nf8 20. f4 Kh8 21. Bg4 f6 22. Ne2 Qa5 23. a3 Bd8 24. Rd3 Qa6 25. Rh3 Qc4) 19… Rf8?! { (0.00 → 1.10) Inaccuracy. Bf6 was best. } (19… Bf6 20. exf7+ Kxf7 21. f4 Kg8 22. Kh1 Nf8 23. Qf2 Qb6 24. Na4 Qb5 25. Nc3) 20. exf7+ { White wins. } 1-0
1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 exd5 5. Bg5 { D35 Queen’s Gambit Declined: Exchange Variation, Positional Variation } Be7 6. e3 c6 7. Bd3 Nbd7 8. Nge2 O-O 9. Qc2 Re8 10. O-O h6 11. Bf4 Nf8 12. h3 Ne6 13. Bh2 Bd6 14. Bxd6 Qxd6 15. Rab1 Ng5 16. Ng3? { (0.42 → -0.81) Mistake. Nf4 was best. } (16. Nf4 Nge4) 16… Rxe3 17. fxe3 Qxg3 18. Kh1 Qxe3 19. Rbe1 Qxd4 20. Rxf6 gxf6 21. Re8+ Kg7 22. Qe2?? { (-2.21 → -7.78) Blunder. Nd1 was best. } (22. Nd1) 22… Bg4 { Black wins. } 0-1
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